by Margaret Steen, for Yahoo! HotJobs
很多公司都有绩效考核，一年一次或是一年两次。又到年终，各单位的绩效考核也陆续开始了。那么，该如何准备绩效考核呢?
Is your performance review just around the corner? There's no need to panic -- but now would be a good time to prepare. 你的绩效考核是不是即将来临了?没有必要慌张――但现在就该开始准备了。
Experts offer these tips for making your review go more smoothly: 下面是专家们提供的建议，让你的考核进行地更顺利：
* Assess what you already know. 评估自己已经知道的
Ideally, you should be checking in regularly with your boss to make sure you're doing what's expected. 理想的情况是，你应该和老板定期联络来确保你做的是老板期望的。
"The performance evaluation process should start the day you're hired," said Janet Scarborough Civitelli, founder and president of Bridgeway Career Development. "There should not be any big surprises during the actual review." Bridgeway职业发展公司创办人、主席Janet Scarborough Civitelli说：“工作绩效评估应该从你工作的第一天开始。在考核期间不应该大惊小怪。”
Perhaps you're extra diligent when answering customer calls. You may think you're on track for a stellar performance review -- but your boss could be wondering why each call takes you so long. To avoid misunderstandings like this, make sure you know what the goals are for your job and how your boss measures success. 也许你回答客户电话十分细心。也许你会认为自己的考核会很出色――可是你的老板也许会疑惑为什么每个电话会花你那么长时间。要避免这样的误解，就得确保自己知道工作的目标和老板评估成功的方式。
If you haven't been talking to your boss about this, it's not too late. Even in a few weeks, you may be able to improve in some areas if necessary. 如果你一直都没有和老板谈过这些，现在谈还不太迟。就算距离考核只有几周的时间，有必要的话，你也许可以在一些方面改善一下。
* Dust off your previous review.
重提上次的考核
If you had a review at this company a year ago, it probably contains a list of goals. Ideally, you will have been working on these goals this year.
如果去年有过一次绩效考核，大概就会有制定一系列目标。理想的情况下，今年你一直在实现这些目标。
Often, however, you'll realize something has changed. Perhaps a new boss gave you a new direction, or the project you were supposed to focus on got delayed. Richard Phillips, a career coach and owner of Advantage Career Solutions, recommends making sure you have documentation for changes such as these, in case there's a question at review time.
不过往往你会发现事情已经起了变化。也许新老板给你一个新的工作方向，或你本来要致力的项目被推迟。Advantage Career Solutions的老板和职业教练 Richard Phillips建议人们一定要记录下这些变化，以防考核时出现疑问。
What if your boss never officially told you that your goals had changed, but instead just kept piling on other work so that you weren't able to start the projects you discussed at your last review? It would have been best to bring this up with your boss when it happened.
万一你的老板没有正式通知你的目标已经改变，而只是增加你的工作量，从而使你无法开始上一次考核定下的项目，这该怎么办?最好在当初(老板安排别的工作时)就提出这个问题。
If you didn't, however, it's important to frame your actions the right way. "Say at review time, 'I made a strategic decision that this needed more of my attention than that,'" Phillips said. "Don't make it sound like you just forgot or you blew it off."
如果没有，那么谈论你工作的方式就很重要。Phillips建议：“考核的时候可以这样说,‘我做出了一个策略上的决定，这写工作比那项更需要关注’。别让你的话听上去像是你忘记了或你办糟了。”
* Learn how your company works. 了解企业的工作方式
At some companies, negative comments on performance reviews are uncommon, so anything that's not glowing is cause for concern. Other companies give every worker areas for improvement. 有些公司的绩效考核一般不会有反面的评价，所以任何不华丽的辞藻你都该考虑一下。另一些公司会给每个员工改进的空间。
"You definitely need to know how the process works at your company," Civitelli said. But you need to gather your information in an "emotionally intelligent" way. Don't badger your boss about whether a certain action will get you a 5 instead of a 4 on your review -- it makes you seem more concerned about your evaluation than about helping the company. Civitelli说：“你一定要了解公司的工作 流程 ”。但是，你需要“聪明地”收集信息。不要总问老板某个行为会让你的考评得“5等”还是“4等”――这会让你看上去更关心绩效评估而不是怎样帮公司做到更好。
* Make your case in writing. 写份书面材料
Many times you'll be asked to fill out a self-assessment before your review. If that's not part of your company's process, it's still a good idea to write a summary of your achievements for your boss before the review. 很多时候，公司会要求你在考核前填写自我评估。如果这不是你公司 流程 一部分，在年终绩效考核前写一份业绩总结报告也是一个好办法。
"There's an art to doing that," Civitelli said. "You don't want to be too apologetic, but you also don't want it to appear that you've never thought about anything to improve on." Civitell说：“这是一门艺术。你不想表现得太谦虚;但也不希望看上去从来没有考虑过还有任何提高的方面。”
Phillips suggests that any time you mention a weakness, "say what you are doing about it." Phillips建议任何时候提及一个弱点，“都要说自己正在采取措施。”
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